Heating system



May 30, 1939. 0 ,J. T. MIDYETTE; JR

HEATING SYSTEM Filed May 25, 1935 grwem com JohnTMidyetteJr.

Patented Mary 30, 1939 HE A'I'ING SYSTEM am an Midyett'e, .m, Scarsdale, N. Y., asslgnor to Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Company, Minneapolis, Minn., a corporation of Delaware Application May 23, 1935, Serial No. 23,035

18 Claims.

This invention relates to heating systems/\of the type disclosed'in the application of Daniel G. Taylor, Ser. No. 512,887, filed February 2, 1931,

which has matured into Patent No. 2,065,835, isi sued December 29, 1936.

The system disclosed in the above referred to Taylor application comprises an outdoor controller responsive to outdoor atmospheric conditions including temperature, wind and sun for w controlling the temperature within the building Heating means are provided-in the building for supplying heat to the building and heating means are also provided in the outdoor controller for supplying heat to the outdoor controller. The

15; two heating means are proportioned according to ture of the outside controller, the thermostatic device maintains a constant or normal temperature 30 within the building.

Such a system gives excellent results when the system is maintained in operation for twenty-- four hours a. day. However, it is often desirable to shut down the heating system during the night 35 to lower the temperature within the building to.

conserve on fuel costs. But due to the fundamental theory of operation, the system of the Taylor application cannot supply sufiicient heat to the building in the morning after a night shut down 40 to rapidly raise the temperature to normal and thereafter maintain the temperature in the building at'normal. This is caused by the fact that only sufficient heat is supplied to the building to maintain the temperature thereof constant ao- 45 cording to variations in outside atmospheric conditions. In order to successfully operate the system of the type disclosed in the above referred to Taylor application where it is desired to have a night shut down, it is necessary that some 50 means be provided for raising the temperature 7 in the building to normal after a night shut down.

Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide a morning pick-up control of the heating system whereby the building temperature is brought up to normal so that the temperature of the building may be maintained at normal by the outdoor controller. I

More specifically, it isan object of this invention to provide a morning pick-up control for a 5 heating system of the class described having an outdoor controller comprising temperature changing means and a temperature responsive -means, the temperature responsive means controlling both temperature changing means to 10 maintain a normal temperature within the building with timing means for interrupting the operation both of the temperature changing means and pe mitting one of the temperature changing mean -tb resume operation before the other.

Another object of this invention is to provide a means whereby the temperature of the building may be restored to a normal value after a night shutdown at a given time each morning regardless of the outdoor atmospheric conditions.

More specifically, it is an object of this invention to provide in combination with the heating system of the type described, a controller responsive to the building temperature and to the out- 26 door temperature which maintains a night temperature within the building which increases as the outdoor temperature decreases and vice versa.

Other objects-and advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference 30 to the accompanying specification, claims and drawing...

The single sheet of drawings diagrammatically illustrates the preferred form of my invention.

The heating system of this invention is shown as applied to a building having an outside wall Ill and a plurality of spaces to be heated within the building, one of which is shown at H. In the spaces to be heated are radiators I2 which receive a supply of heating fluid such as steam -from risers l3. The risers I3 connect into a pipe it which receives its supply of heating fluid ,from a supply pipe I5 which in turn is connected to some-source of heating fluid such as a central heating system or a constantly energized boiler (not shown). Thesupply of heating fluid from the supply pipe 15 into the pipe I4 is controlled by means of a valve I6 so that when the valve i6 is opened, heating fluid will be delivered to the radiators G2 to heat the building and when the valve it is closed, the supply of heat to the radiators i2 is prevented. V The valve I6 is operated by means of a valve stem ll connected to a pitman it which in turn is journalled on a crack pin i9. The crank pin I9 is carried by a gear 20 and a crank disc 2|.

The gear 20 is driven through a reduction gear train 22 by a motor rotor 23 upon energization of a motor field 24. The crank disc 2| drives cams 25 and 26 which operate contact arms 21 and 28 respectively. When the high dwells of cam 25 engage the contact arm 21, the contact arm 21 is moved into engagement with the contact 29 and when the low dwells of cam 25 are engaged by the contact lever 21, the contact lever 21 is moved out of engagement with the contact 29.

When the high dwell of cam 26 engages the contact arm 28, the contact arm 28 is moved into engagement with the contact 30 and when the low dwell of the cam 26 engages the contact arm 28, the contact arm 28 is moved into engagement with the contact 3|.

Line wires leading from some source of power, not shown, are designated at 32 and 33. Wires 34 and 35 connect a primary 36 of a step-down transformer 31', having a secondary 38, to the line wires 32 and 33. One end of the secondary 38 is connected by means of wires 39 and 40 to one end of a double relay coil comprising coils 4| and 42. The other end of the double relay coil 4|, 42 is connected by means of wires 43 and 44 to the other end of the secondary 38 of the transformer 31. The junction of wires 39 and 40 is connected by means of a protective resistance 45 and a wire 46 to one end of a potentiometer coil 41. The potentiometer coil 41 is located in one of the spaces II to be heated. The other end of the potentiometer coil 41 is connected by means of wires 48 and 49, protective resistance 50 and wire 5| to the junction of wires 43 and 44. The center of the double coil relay having coils 4| and 42 is connected by means of wires 66 and 6| to the center of a resistance 62. A double slider 63 engaging both the potentiometer coil 41 and the resistance 62 is slid along the coil 41 and the resistance 62 by means of a room thermostat 64 mounted upon a post 65. An armature 66 movable under the action of the relay coils 4| and 42 is operatively connected to a switch arm 61 to move the switch arm into engagement with either contact 66 or 69.

With the slider 63 in the position shown in the drawing, the relay coils 4| and 42 are equally energized to maintain the armature 66 in the mid position and consequently maintain the switch arm 61 midway between the contacts 68 and 69. This condition exists due to the fact that the relay coil 42 is connected in series with the right hand portion of the potentiometer coil 41 and the relay coil 4| is connected in series with the left hand portion of the potentiometer coil 41. Therefore, with the slider 63 in the mid position, the resistances of the potentiometer coil 41 and the current in the double relay 4|, 42 are balanced. Upon an increase in temperature within one of the spaces the slider 63 is moved to the right, decreasing the amount of resistance in the right hand portion of the potentiometer coil 41 and increasing the amount of resistance in the left hand portion of the potentiometer coil 41. Due to the series relationship of the coils pointed out above, this causes an increase in current in the relay coil 42 and a decrease of current in the relay coil 4| to attract the armature 66 to the right to move the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 69. Likewise, upon a decrease in temperature within one of the spaces II, the

slider 63 moves to the left to the position shown in the drawing to decrease the resistance in the left hand portion of the potentiometer coil 41 and increase the resistance in the right hand portion. This causes anincrease in current through the relay coil 4| and a decrease of current through the relay coil 42 to attract the armature 66 to the left to move the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 68. The resistances 45 and'5ll are placed in the circuits above described to prevent burning up of the relay coils 4| and 42 in case the slider 63 is moved to either extreme of the potentiometer coil 41.

A wire 10 connects one end of a' potentiometer coil 1| with the junction of wires 46 and protective resistance 45. The other end of the potentiometer coil 1| is connected by means of a wire 12 to the junction of wires 48 and 49. A variable resistance 13 and a wire 14 connect the junction of wires60 and 6| tov a binding post 15 of a. thermostat 16. The thermostat 16 is located in a weather-tight casing 11 which in turn is located outside of the building so that the thermostat 16 responds to outdoor temperature conditions. Thermostat 16 carries a slider which engages the potentiometer coil 1|. The right and left hand portions of the potentiometer coil 1| are connected in parallel with the right and left hand portions of the potentiometer coil 41 respectively. Therefore, the operation of the armature 66 by the outdoor controller is identical with that of the inside thermostat. Upon an increase in outdoor temperature, the thermostat 16 moves the slider 1| to the right to decrease the amount of resistance in the right hand portion of potentiometer coil 1| and increase the amount of resistance in the left hand portion to increase the current flow through the relay coil 42 and de- "crease the current flow through the relay coil 4|.

This attracts the armature 66 to the right to move the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 69. Upon. a decrease in outdoor temperature, the thermostat 16 moves the slider to the left on the relay coil 1| to decrease the resistance in the left hand portion of relay coil 1| and increase the resistance in the right hand portion to increase the current flow through the relay coil 4| and decrease the current fiow through the relay coil 42. This attracts the armature 66 to the left and moves the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 68.

From this it is seen that when either the slider 63 inside of the building or the thermostat 16 outside of the building is moved to the right by an increase in temperature, the armature 661s moved to the right and likewise upon a decrease in temperature in the building and outside of the building, the slider 63 is moved to the left and the thermostat 16 is moved to the left to cause movement of armature 66 to the left. Conversely, if the slider 63 moves to the right due to an increase in inside temperature and the thermostat 16 moves to the left due to a decrease vin outdoor temperature, the relay coils 4| and 42 remain equally energized to maintain the armature 66 in its midposition and consequently maintain the switch arm 61 midway of contacts 68 and 69. Likewise, when the slider 63 moves to the left due to a decrease in inside temperathat upon the existence of a relatively high' outside temperature, a relatively low inside temperature is required to move the armature 66 to the left and the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 68. By reason of this construction therefore, the control point of the inside thermostat 64 for controlling the switch arm 61 with respect to the contacts 68 and 69 is adjusted inversely to the outdoor temperature by the outdoor controller 11.

The variable resistance 13 is included in the.

circuit of the outdoor controller 11 to adjust the sensitivity of the outdoor controller to oper- "ate the armature 66. By reason of this variable resistance 13, it is possible to so adjust the sensitivity of the outdoor controller 11 so that a decrease in outdoor temperature to say 10 will only increase the effective temperature setting of the inside thermostat 64 to 1 or 2. The resistance 62 contacted by the slider 63 is providedto maintain a constant range of movement of the slider 63 required to move the switch arm 61 from engagement with the contact 68 and into engag'ementwith the contact 69 throughout the range of travel of the slider 63 with respect to the potentiometer coil 41. I

A relay comprising an energizing coil 18 and a bucking coil 19 is controlled by the switch arm 61 The relay operates switch arms 88 and 8| with respect to contacts 82 and 83. Upon energization of the energizing coil 18, the switch arms 88 and8| are moved into engagement with contacts 82 and 83. Upon deenergization of the energizing coil 18 or upon energization of the bucking coil' 19 which neutralizes the action of the energiizng coil 18, the switch arms 88 and 8| are moved out of engagement with contacts 82. and 83 by means of-springs or gravity or othermeans, not shown. Wire 84 connects the junction of wires 48 and the relay coil 4| to one end of energizing coil 18. A wire 85 connects the same end of the energizing coil 18 withone end of the bucking coil 19. A wire 86 connects the other end of the energizing coil 18 with the switch arm 61. Wires 81 and 88 connect thecontact 68 with the junction of wires 43 and 44. A wire 89 connects the junction of wire 86 and the energizing coil 18 with the contact 82. A wire 98 connects the switch arm 88 with the junction of wires 98 and 88. A wire 9| connects the other end of the bucking coil 19 with the contact 69.

When the armature 66 is moved to the left by the relay coils 4| and 42 due to a relatively low temperature within the building, switch arm 61 is moved into engagement with the contact 68 to complete a circuit from the secondary 38 through wires 44, 88 and 81, contact 68, switch arm 61, wire 86, energizing coil 18 and wires 84, 48 and 99 back to the secondary 38. Completionof this circuit energizes the energizing coil 18'to move the switch arms 88 and 8| into engagement with the contacts 82 and 83. When the switch arm 88 is moved into engagement with the contact 82, a holding circuit is completed from the secondary 38 through wires 44; 48 and 98, switch arm 88, contact 82, wire 89, energizing coil 18 and wires 84, 48 and 39 back to the secondary 38. The energizing coil 18 is thus maintained energized until an increase in temperature within the building to a relatively high value causes switch arm 61 to move into engagement with the contact 69 whereby a circuit is completed from the secondary 38 through wires 44, 88 and 98, switch arm 88, contact 82, wires 89 and 86, switch arm 61, contact 69, wire 9|, bucking coil 19, and wires 85,

84, 48 and 39 back to the secondary 38. Completion of this circuit energizes the bucking coil 19 which neutralizes the holding effect of the energizing 0011 18 to move the switch arms 88 and 8| out of'engagement with the contacts 82 and 83.

Wires 92 and 93 connect the contact 83 with the line wire 32. Awire 94 connects a contact 95 of the time switch with the junction of wires 92 and 93. The contactarm 96 of time switch is connected by means of wires 91 and 98 to the switch arm 8|. One end of a primary 99 of a step-down transformer I88 having a secondary IN is connected to the junction of wires 91 and 98. The other end of the primary 99 is connected by means of a wire .I82 to the line wire 33. The contact arm 96 is moved into and out of engagement with the contact 95 by means of a cam I88 driven through a reduction gear train I84 by a rotor I85 upon energization of a field I86. The field I86 is connected across the line wires 32 and 33 by wires I81 and I88, respectively. The re- .duction gear train I84 also operates a cam I89 to move a contact arm II8 into and out of engagement with a contact III. 1

The reduction gear train I84 is so designed that the cams I83 and I89 are rotated once during every twenty-four hours. For purposes of illustration, one-half of thecams I83 and I89 are shaded t designate the night portions of these cams while the remaining half of the cams are left unshaded to designate the day portions thereof. Therefore, with the cams in the position shown in the drawing, the time is substantially midnight. Upon rotation of the cam in the direction shown by the arrows, it will be seen that at substantially 6:00 in the morning, cam I83 causes the contact arm 96 to engage the contact 95 andthat at substantially 6:30 in' the morning the cam I89 causes the contact arm II8 to engage the contact I I I. Also, at substantially 6:00 in the evening, the cams I83 and I89 cause the contactarms 96 and 8 to move out of engagement with the contacts 95 and III.

When the contact arm 96 is moved into engagement with the contact 95 a"circuit is completed from the line wire 32 through wires 92 and 94, contact 95, contact arm 96, wire 91, pri-% mary 99 and wire I82 back to the line wire 33 to energize the transformer I88 and supply power to the secondary I8I. Likewise, it is seen that the switch arm 8| and the contact 83 are located in parallel to the contact arm 96 and the contact 95 so that upon engagement of switch arm 8| with the contact 83 in the above described. manner, a circuit is completed from the line wire 32 through wires 92 and 93, contact 83, switch arm 8|, wire 98, primary 99 and wire I82 back to the line wire 33 to. energize the transformer I88 to supply power to the secondary I8I By reason of this construction, the transformer I 88 is energized during a period extending from 6:00 in the'morning until 6:00 in the evening and it is also energized during the night upon movement of the switch arm 8| into engagement with the contact 83 when the temperature within the building falls below a predetermined value as determined by the outdoor temperature.

Located outside of the building is an outdoor controller II3 comprising a metallic lock II4 mounted in a weather-tight casing II 5. This outdoor controller II3 responds to atmospheric conditions such as temperature, wind and solar radiation. A heater H6 is provided for heating the block H4 at predetermined times. The block H4 is hollowed out to receive a container II] in which is mounted a bimetallic element II8 by means of a post H9. The bimetallic element II8 responds to the temperature of the block H4 and carries contacts I and I2I which are adapted to sequentially engage adjustable contacts I22 and I23. Upon a decrease in temperature of metallic block II 4 caused by outside atmospheric conditions, the contacts I20 and I2I are moved into engagement with the contacts I22 and I23. Upon an increase in temperature of the block 4 by the action of the heater II6, the contacts I20 and I2I are moved out of engagement with the contacts I22 and I23.

A relay coil I25 operates switch arms I26, I21 and I28. Upon energization of the relay coil I25, the switch arms I26, I21 and I28 are moved ,into engagement with contacts I29, I30 and I3I.

- and the switch arm I28 is moved into engagement with a contact I32 by means of springs, gravity 7 or other means, not shown;

One end of the secondary MI is connected by means of a wire I34 to the contact I22 of the outdoor controller H3. The contact I23 is con-' nected by means of a wire I35 and wire I36 to one end of the relay coil I25. The other end of relay coil I25 is connected by means of a wire I31 to the other end of the secondary IN. The contact I29 is connected by means of a wire I38 to the post H9 in the outdoor controller II3. A wire I39 connects the switch arm I26 with the junction of wires I35 and I36.

Upon a decrease in temperature in the block II4, contact I29 is moved into engagement with the contact I22 and upon a further decrease in temperature, contact I2I is moved into engagement with the contact I23 to complete a circuit from the secondary IOI, providing the secondary IN is receiving power through the wire I I34, contacts I22, I20, I2I and I23, wires I35, I36, relay coil I25 and wire I31 back to the secondary IN to energize the relay coil I25. Energization of the relay coil I 25 moves the switch I arms I26, I21 and I28 into engagement with the contacts I29, I30 and I3I. When the switch arm I26 engages the contact I29, a second or holding circuit is completed from the secondary IOI through wire I34, contacts I22 and I20, bimetallic element I2I, post II9, wire I38, contact I29, switch arm I26, wires I39 and I36, relay coil I25 and wire I31 back to the secondary IN. The relay coil I25 will be maintained energized in this manner imtil the temperature of the; block II4 rises to a sufficient value'to break contact between the contacts I20 and I22 at which time the relay I25 will be deenergized to move the switch arms I26, I21 and I28 out of engagement with the contacts I29, I30 and I3I and the switch arm I28 into engagement with the contact I32.

The contact III -of the time switch is connected to one end of a secondary I40 of a stepdown transformer I4 I, having a primary I42 connected across the line wires 32 and 33. The contact arm 0' is connected by means of a wire I45 to the contact I30. The switch arm I21 is connected by means of a wire I46 to a variable resistance I41 which in turn is connected to an ammeter I48, The ammeter I48 is connected by a wire I49 to one end of the heater I I6, the other end of the heater II6 being connected by means of a wire I50 to the other end of the secondary During the day-time from 6:30 A. M. to 6:00

P. M., when the contact arm I I0 engagesthe conwire I49, heater H6 and wire I50back to the secondary I40 to energize the heater I I6 andsupply heat to the block I I4. During the night from 6:00 P. M. to 6:30v A. M., the contact arm H0 is out of engagement with the contact I N, thereby preventing the supply of heat to the outdoor controller II3 regardless of whether the con troller should be calling for heat or not. The variable resistance I41 and the ammeter I46 provide a means for adjusting and visually indicating the amount of heat supplied to the outdoor controller II3.

A wire I52 connects the contact I3I with the contact 30 and a wire I53 connects the contact I32 with the contact 3|. Wires I54 and I55 connect the switch arm I28 with one end of a secondary I56 of a step-down transformer I51, having a primary I58 which is connected by means of wires I59 and I 60 across the line wires 32 and 33. A wire I6I connects the contact 28 to the junction of wires I54 and I55. A wire I62 connects the other end of the secondary I56 with one end of the field 24. The other end of field 24 is connected by wires I63 and I64 to the contact arm 21. The contact arm 28 is connected bya wire I 65 to thejunction of wires I63 and I6 I Assume the valve I6 is in a closed position, then'the contact arm 28 is in engagement with the contact 30. Upon energization of the relay coil I25 by reason of the outdoor controller II3 calling for heat, the switch arm I28 is moved into engagement with the contact I3I to complete a circuit from the secondary I56 through wires I55 and I54, switch arm I26, contact I3I, wire to cause energization of the field and start movement of the valve I6 from its closed position towards its open position. After the valve has been so started, the contact arm 21 is moved into engagement with the contact 29 by the 'cam 25 to complete a maintaining circuit from the secondary I56 through wires I55 and I6I, contact 29, contact arm 21, wires I64 and I63, field 24 and wire I62 back to the secondary I56 to maintain the field 24 energized to completely move the valve I6 to its open position. When the valve I6 reaches its full open position, contact arm 21 is moved out of engagement with the contact 29 to break the above maintaining circuit to prevent further operation of the valve I6 and the contact arm 29 is moved into engagement with the contact 3| to position the parts for closing movement of the valve. When the relay coil I25 is deenergized, the contact 'arm I28 is moved into engagement with the contact I32 to complete a circuit from the secondary I56 through wires I55 and I54, switch arm I28, contact I32, wire I53, contact-3|, contact arm 28, wires I65 and I63, field 24 and wire I62 back to the secondary I56 to start closing movement of the valve I6. After the valve I6 has started its closing movement, the contact arm 21 is moved into engagement with the contact 29 to complete a maintaining circuit in the manner above described to completely move the valve I6 to its closed position. When the valve I6 reaches the closed position, the maintaining circuit is broken by reason of contact arm 21 moving out of engagement with the contact 29 and the contact arm 28 is moved into engagement with the contact 30 to position the parts for opening movement of the valve.

Summarizing the operation of the system as a whole, it is seen that at night from 6:00 P. M. to 6:30 A. M. it is impossible to supply heat to the outdoor controller byreason of the fact that the contact arm H0 is out of engagement with the contact III. Therefore, at night, the temperature of the outdoor controller II3 will decrease to cause engagement of the contacts I20 and I22 and contacts I2I and I23. These contacts will therefore remain engaged throughout the night. During the night, the valve I6 is under the control-of the inside thermostat 64 as compensated by the outdoor thermostat 16. As pointed out above, the outside thermostat I6 varies the effective setting of the inside thermostat 64. When the temperature within the building'falls below the effective settingof theroom thermostat 64, the slider 63 is moved to the left to move the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 68 to energize the energizing coil I8 to move the switch arm 8| into engagement with the contact 83. This supplies power to the transformer I00 and since the contacts I20, I2I, I22 and I23 of the outdoor controller II3 are made, the relay coil I25 is energized to move the switch arm I28 into engagement with the contact I3I to move the valve I6 to an open position to supply heat to the building. When the temperature of the building rises above the eilective setting of the thermostat 64 due to the" supply of heat to the building, the slider 63 is moved to the right to move the switch arm 61 into engagement with the contact 69 to energizethe bucking coil I9 which neutralizes the action of the energizing coil I8 to move switch arm 8| out of engagement with the contact 83 to deenergize the transformer I00. This causes deenergization of relay coil I25 and movement of switch arm I28 into engagement with the contact I32 to cause closing of the'valve I6 and prevents a' further supply of heat to the building. In this manner, the system will cycle back and forth to maintairra predetermined temperature within the building as determined by the outside temperature condi tions. As pointed out above, the predetermined temperature-to be mai ntained within the building is varied inversely as the outdoor temperature so that upon a decrease in outdoor temperature, the building temperature is maintained at a higher level at night and upon an increase in outdoor temperature the building is maintained at a lower temperature level.

At 6:00 in the morning, the contact arm 96 is moved into engagement with the contact 95 to cause energization of the transformer I00 regardless of the position of the switch arm 8I with respect to the contact as as determined by the building temperature. Since the outdoor controller H3 is cold at this time, the contacts I20, I2I, I22 and I23 are in engagement and the relay coil I25 is energized to move the switch arms I21 and I28 into engagement with contacts I30 and I3I. Movement of switch arm I2'I into engagement with the contact I30 at this time will have no effect since the contact arm H0 is out perature value to the normal day temperature value.

At 6:30 in the morning, the contact arm H0 is moved into engagement with the contact I II to supply heat to the outdoor controller 3 to raise the temperature of the same, When the temperature of the outdoor controller II3 raises to its normal value, contact between the contacts I20 and I22 is broken to deenergize the relay to move the switch arms I21 and I28 out of engagement with the contacts I30 and I3I and to move the switch arm I28 into engagement with the contact I32. Movement of switch arm I2'I out of engagement with contact I30 prevents the further supply of heat to the outdoor controller and movement of the switch arm I28 into engagement with the contact I32 causes closing movement of the valve I6 to prevent the further supply of heat to the building. e

The time interval between the time thatthe contact arm 96 engages the contact to supply heat to the building and the time that contact arm IIO engages contact III tosupply heat to the outdoor controller is so selected that the temperature of the-outdoor controller and the temperature of the building will rise to" their normal day values at substantially the same time. This provides a morning pick-up cycle that could not be accomplished in the above noted Taylor application.

As pointed out above, and in theabove referred to application, the amount of heat delivered to the outdoor controller and to the building is proportional to the heat losses of the outdoor controller and the building. By reason of this relaa substantially constant normal value in accordance with the outdoor atmospheric conditions. When the temperature within the controller II 3 drops below a predetermined value, contacts I20 and I2I engage contacts I22 and I23 to energize the relay I25 to move theswitch arms I21 and I28 into engagement with the contacts I30 and I3I. This causes heat to be supplied to the outdoor controller and to the building and when the temperature of the outdoor controller rises above a predetermined value, contact between the contacts I20 and I22 is broken to deenergize the relay I25 to prevent the further supply of heat to the outdoor controller and the building. The heating system cycles back and forth in this manner during the day-time maintaining the temperature within the building at a normal conmade so that when the temperature within the building falls below the efiective setting of the inside thermostat 84 to move the switch arm 8| into engagement with the contact 83, the transformer I may be energized to energize the relay coil I25 to move the valve ii to open posi-.

tion.

The purpose of varying the inside temperature at night inversely as to the outdoor temperature is to provide a means whereby regardless of outnumber of degrees when the outdoor tempera ture is relatively warm. By increasing the night temperature of the building inversely as to the outdoor temperature, it is therefore possible to raise the temperature of the building to a normal value through a given time period regardless of 1 the outside atmospheric conditions.

It is seen that I have provided a means for maintaining a temperature within a building during the night which varies inversely as to the outdoor temperature so that the temperature of the building may be raised to the normal day value during a given period oi time regardless of the outdoor temperature conditions. I have also provided an outdor controller for maintaining the temperature within a building constant during the day, along with a novel means for picking up the temperature of the building in, the morning from the night temperature value to the normal day temperature value.

Although I. have discldsed one form oi my invention for purposes of illustration, it is apparent that those skilled in the art may resort to modifications thereof and I therefore intend that this invention shall only be limited by the scope I oi. the appended claims and'the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of the class described, tempera ture changing means for a building, temperature responsive means for controlling the tempera-' ture changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building at one time, temperature responsive means controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a temperature in the building other than normal atv another time, and temperature responsive means responsive to outdoor temperatures for adjusting the temperature setting of said second temperature responsive means to vary the temperature maintained in the building as the outdoor temperature varies during said other time.

2. In a system or the class described, temperature changing means for a building, temperature responsive means outside of the building for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building at one time, temperature responsive means inside oi. the building to maintain a temperature other than normal in the building at another.

time, and temperature responsive means outside of the building for adjusting the temperature setting of said inside temperature responsive means to vary the temperature maintained in the building as the outdoor temperature varies during said other time.

3. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, temperature responsive means for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building at one time, temperature responsive means controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a temperature in the building other than normal at another time, and temperature responsive means responsive to outdoor temperatures for adjusting the second temperature responsive means to vary the temperature of the building inversely as the outdoor temperature.

4. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, temperature responsive means outside oi. the building for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building atone time, temperature responsive means inside of the building to maintain a temperature other than normal in the building at another time, and temperature responsive means outside of the building for adjusting the inside temperature responsive means to vary the temperature of the building inversely as the outdoor temperature.

5. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, an outdoor controller for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building during the day time, an indoor controller for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a temperature other than normal in the building during the night time, a second outdoor controller for adjusting the indoor controller to maintain a night temperature in the building that varies inversely as to the outdoor temperature and means for changing the control of the temperature changing means from the day controller to the night controller and vice versa.

6. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, an outdoor controller for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building during the day time, an indoor controller for controlling the temperature changing means to .maintain a temperature other than normal in the building during the night time, a second outdoor controller for adjusting the indoor controller to maintain a night .tem-

perature in the building that varies inversely as to the outdoor temperature and time means "for changing the control of the temperature changing means from the day controller to the night controller and vice versa.

7. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, means for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature during the day time in the building, and means including an outdoor temperature responsive means for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a temperature in the building during the night time that varies inversely as the outdoor temperature.

8. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, means for controlling'the temperautre changing means to maintain a normal temperature during the day maintain a normal temperature during the day time in the building, and means for controlling the temperature changing means to maintain a temperature in the building during the night time that varies inversely as theoutdoor temperature, and time means for taking the control of the temperature changing means from the second means and placing it under the first means in the morning.

10. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, an outdoor controller having temperature changing means and temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive means controlling both temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building, and means for preventing operation of the temperature changing means and subsequently permitting one of the temperature changing means to resume operation a substantial period of time before the other.

11. In a system of the class described, temperature changing means for a building, an outdoor controller having temperature changing means and temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive means controlling both temperature changing means to maintain a normal temperature within the building, and time means for interrupting the operation of the temperature changing means and subsequently permitting one of the temperature changing means to resume operation before the other.

12. In a system of the class described, heating means for a building, a controller comprising heating meansv and temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive means-normally controlling both heating means to maintaina normal temperature within the building, a second controller for maintaining temperatures lower than normal in the building, and time means for taking the control of both heating means away from the first controller, for placing the control of the building heating means under the second controller and for placing sequentially the control of both heating means under the first controller.

13. In a system of the class described, heating means for a building, a controller comprising heating means and temperature responsive means, the temperature responsive means normally controlling both heating means to maintain a normal temperature within the building, a second controller for maintaining temperatures lower than normal in the building, that decreases as the outdoor temperature increases and vice versa, and time means for taking the control of both heating means away from the first controller, for placing the control of the building heating means under the second controller and for placing sequentially the control of both heating means er than normal in the building that decreases as the outdoor temperature increases, and time means for taking the control of both heating means away from the first controller, for placing the control of the building heating means under the second controller and for placing the control of one heating means and subsequently the other heating means under the first controller.

15. In a temperature controlling system for a building, in combination, temperature changing means for a building, temperature responsive means for controlling said temperature changing means, timecontrolled means for varying the effect of said temperature responsive means on said temperature changing means to cause a normal value of temperature to be maintained during periods of occupancy of the building and to cause said temperature responsive means to maintain a value of temperature other than normal during periods of non-occupancy of the building, and means responsive to outdoor temperature for varying the temperature maintained'by said first temperature responsive means in accordance with outside temperature duringperiods of nonoccupancy of the building to increase said other than normal temperature as the outside temperature decreases,

16. In a temperature controlling system for a building, means for changing the temperature of a building, control means for said temperature changing means, said control means including temperature responsive means for selectively maintaining a normal temperature or a temperature difierent from normal within said building, timing means for adjusting said control means to maintain said normal temperature during one period of time and said different temperature during another period of time, and means aiiected by outside weather conditions for adjusting said control means to vary the value of said different temperature in accordance withsuch conditions.

1'7. In a temperature controlling system for a building, means for changing the temperature of a building, control means for said temperature changing means, said control means including temperature responsive means for selectively maintaining a normal temperature or a temperature different from normal within said building, timing means for adjusting said control means to maintain said normal temperature during onetime the temperature in the building at a value.

that depends upon outside weather conditions.

18. In a condition control system, in combination, condition changing'means, control means for said condition changing means, said control means including condition responsive means for selectively maintaining a normal value of said condition or a value other than normal, timing means for adjusting said control means to maintain said normal value or said other than normal value of said condition, and means responsive to a second condition for adjusting said control means to vary said other than normal value in accordance with said second condition.

JOHN T. MIDYE'I'IE, JR. 

